Anaemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. It can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other health complications. In order to effectively manage and prevent anaemia, it is important to understand its main causes. This article will explore the primary factors that contribute to the development of anaemia.

1. Iron Deficiency:

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the body’s tissues. When the body lacks sufficient iron, it cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells.

2. Vitamin Deficiencies:

Deficiencies in certain vitamins, particularly vitamin B12 and folate, can also lead to anaemia. These vitamins are necessary for the production of red blood cells. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, while folate is abundant in leafy green vegetables, legumes, and fortified grains. A lack of these vitamins can impair red blood cell production and result in anaemia.

3. Chronic Diseases:

Certain chronic diseases, such as kidney disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders, can contribute to the development of anaemia.

4. Genetic Disorders:

Inherited genetic disorders, such as sickle cell disease and thalassemia, can cause anaemia. These conditions affect the structure or production of hemoglobin, resulting in abnormal red blood cells. Individuals with these genetic disorders often experience chronic anaemia and require ongoing medical management.

Anaemia can have various underlying causes, but the main factors include iron deficiency, vitamin deficiencies, chronic diseases, and genetic disorders. It is important to identify and address the specific cause of anaemia in order to effectively manage the condition. A balanced diet, supplementation when necessary, and appropriate medical treatment can help prevent and treat anaemia, improving overall health and well-being.