Mastocytosis is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of certain types of immune cells, known as mast cells, in an organ. The affected organ where the cells accumulate, such as the skin or intestines, exhibit symptoms, indicating the condition’s presence. While there is currently no known cure for the condition, there are several treatment and management options to alleviate its symptoms. This article lists what mastocytosis is and how it can be managed.

What is mastocytosis?
One must first understand the condition to understand why doctors prescribe specific treatment options for managing or treating mastocytosis. As mentioned above, mastocytosis occurs when mast cells abnormally accumulate in an organ.

They are types of white blood cells responsible for triggering inflammatory responses when they detect the presence of germs. They perform this action by releasing a chemical called histamine. So, when mast cells accumulate abnormally and release histamines, they can cause symptoms that are quite similar to an allergic reaction. When this condition affects the skin, it is called cutaneous mastocytosis. When other body organs except the skin, such as the bones or the intestines, are affected, the condition is called systemic mastocytosis.

Mastocytosis treatment options
A doctor may suggest certain mastocytosis management methods to alleviate the condition’s symptoms. These include options that help counteract the effects of histamine.

Suppose mastocytosis affects an individual’s skin, causing rashes or blisters. The doctor may suggest the patient treatment options to reduce the mastocytosis rashes. Similarly, suppose the condition affects an individual’s gastrointestinal tract. Patients may have to take treatment to alleviate gastrointestinal discomfort. Mastocytosis can also affect bones, causing bone pain, for which treatment will be suggested to alleviate the pain and strengthen bones. Here are a few treatment options for mastocytosis:

1. UV light treatment
The healthcare provider may suggest ultraviolet light treatment for those affected by cutaneous mastocytosis and experiencing skin lesions and rashes. This involves exposing the skin to UV light to reduce immune response.

2. Surgery
One’s doctor may also recommend surgery to remove lesions that could be caused by cutaneous mastocytosis. These surgical procedures are quick and easy. However, if the patient has concerns, they must have an honest conversation with their surgeon before the procedure. They must also ask about the potential side effects.

3. Targeted therapy
Targeted therapy is a treatment method meant to target specific genes, proteins, or the unique tissue environment that promotes the growth of mastocytosis. Targeted therapy allows medical professionals to restrict and obstruct the growth of mast cells without causing much harm to other healthy cells.

4. Stem cell transplantation
A doctor could also suggest a stem cell transplant procedure for mastocytosis treatment. This procedure replaces unhealthy bone marrow with special cells called hematopoietic stem cells. These cells then grow into healthy bone marrow. However, this approach is not usually preferred for treating mast cell disorder or mastocytosis, as its results are inconsistent.

5. Chemotherapy
If mastocytosis develops into cancer, healthcare providers may suggest chemotherapy as part of the treatment plan. Doctors may also prescribe this approach for aggressive systemic mastocytosis treatment.

6. Indolent systemic mastocytosis treatment
For the treatment of indolent systemic mastocytosis, the typical options involve managing symptoms, as their primary goal is to alleviate the effects of mast cell activation.

Management and self-care
Here are a few management methods to employ:

1. Avoid triggers
Avoiding triggers plays a crucial role in managing systemic mastocytosis symptoms. Individuals with this disorder need to identify the triggers, which could include specific foods, treatment options, or even insect stings, and steer clear of them. By proactively recognizing and avoiding these triggers, individuals with systemic mastocytosis can reduce the chances of mast cell activation.

2. Address allergic reactions
To manage this condition, it is also crucial for individuals to promptly address and treat allergic reactions. If they notice a reaction kicking in, they must seek immediate medical attention and consult a doctor to manage the allergic reactions effectively.

3. Wear a medical alert bracelet
Individuals must also wear a medical alert bracelet as a visible identifier for medical professionals to indicate the presence of this condition. The bracelet also helps doctors identify potential triggers, such as some treatment options, and avoid them.

4. Go for regular consultations
Individuals with this condition must also ensure they regularly consult their doctor for periodic checkups. These consultations allow them to discuss their symptoms, treatment adjustments, and overall well-being.

5. Seek emotional support from family and friends
Emotional support from family and friends plays a significant role in navigating the challenges of mastocytosis. One must maintain open communication and understanding with their loved ones, as receiving moral and emotional support from them can help them cope with the condition.

6. Join support groups
One can also engage with individuals with similar conditions in support groups. This approach helps them receive and share experiences, advice, coping strategies, and emotional support.